Left: the encoding matrix, one row per position, one column per dimension, blue negative and gold positive. Hover a column to read its wavelength and see it plotted against position underneath. Right: every position dotted with every other. For the sinusoidal table the value depends only on how far apart two positions are, so the matrix is banded; hover a cell and read the offset. Then switch to normalised index and binary counter and ask what each gets wrong: which of them can compare positions 3 and 4 the same way it compares 103 and 104, and which one has a value that just keeps growing. The two plots underneath follow the selected pair: move a with the gap held fixed, then widen the gap. Before you do, predict whether the dot product must fall every time the gap grows.